Spring is the most popular application development framework for enterprise Java. Millions of developers all over the world use Spring Framework to create high doing, quickly testable, recyclable code.
Spring framework is an open source Java platform and it was initially composed by Rod Johnson and was first released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003.
Spring is lightweight when it concerns size and openness. The fundamental variation of spring framework is around 2MB.
The core functions of the Spring Framework can be utilized in developing any Java application, but there are extensions for developing web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Spring framework targets to make J2EE development much easier to make use of and advertise excellent programming practice by enabling a POJO-based programming model.
Benefits of Using Spring Framework:
Following is the list of few of the terrific advantages of using Spring Framework:.
- Spring makes it possible for designers to develop enterprise-class applications making use of POJOs. The benefit of using only POJOs is that you do not require an EJB container product such as an application server but you have the option of using only a robust servlet container such as Tomcat or some industrial product.
- Spring is arranged in a modular fashion. Although the number of bundles and trainings are substantial, you have to worry just about ones you need and overlook the rest.
- Spring does not reinvent the wheel instead, it truly makes use of a few of the existing technologies like several ORM frameworks, logging frameworks, JEE, Quartz and JDK timers, other view technologies.
- Testing an application written with Spring is simple due to the fact that environment-dependent code is moved into this framework. In addition, by using JavaBean-style POJOs, it ends up being simpler to make use of reliance injection for injecting test data.
- Spring’s web framework is a well-designed web MVC framework, which provides a great option to web structures such as Struts or other over crafted or less popular web structures.
- Spring provides a hassle-free API to translate technology-specific exceptions (tossed by JDBC, Hibernate, or JDO, as an example) into constant, unchecked exceptions.
- Lightweight IoC containers tend to be lightweight, specifically when compared to EJB containers, for example. This is beneficial for developing and deploying applications on computers with limited memory and CPU resources.
- Spring offers a consistent transaction management interface that can scale down to a local transaction (using a single database, for example) and scale up to worldwide transactions (using JTA, as an example).
Reliance Injection (DI):
The technology that Spring is most recognized with is the Reliance Injection (DI)flavor of Inversion of Control. The Inversion of Control (IoC) is a general principle, and it can be expressed in lots of different ways and Dependency Injection is merely one concrete example of Inversion of Control.
When writing a complex Java application, application classes need to be as independent as possible of other Java classes to increase the possibility to reuse these classes and to test them independently of other classes while doing system testing. Dependency Injection helps in gluing these classes together and same time keeping them independent.
What is dependency injection exactly? Let’s take a look at these 2 words separately. Right here the dependency part translates into an association between two classes. For example, course A is reliant on training B. Now, let’s look at the second part, injection. All this means is that class B will get injected into class A by the IoC.
Dependency injection can happen in the way of passing parameters to the constructor or by post-construction using setter approaches. As Dependency Injection is the heart of Spring Framework, so I will explain this concept in a separate chapter with a nice example.
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Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP):
Among the key parts of Spring is the Aspect oriented programming (AOP)framework. The functions that span multiple points of an application are called cross-cutting issuesand these cross-cutting concerns are conceptually separate from the application’s business logic. There are numerous common good examples of facets including logging, declarative transactions, security, and caching etc
. The essential unit of modularity in OOP is the course, whereas in AOP the unit of modularity is the aspect. Whereas DI helps you decouple your application items from each other, AOP helps you decouple cross-cutting concerns from the objects that they affect.
The AOP module of Spring Framework provides aspect-oriented programming application enabling you to define method-interceptors and pointcuts to cleanly decouple code that implements functionality that should be separated.
Summary
Spring is a powerful framework that solves many common problems in J2EE. Many Spring features are also functional in a lot of Java environments, beyond timeless J2EE.
Spring provides a consistent way of managing business objects and encourages good practices such as programming to interfaces, rather than classes. The architectural basis of Spring is an Inversion of Control container based around the use of JavaBean properties. However, this is only part of the overall picture: Spring is unique because it utilizes its IoC container as the basic structure block in an extensive solution that attends to all architectural tiers.
Spring offers a special data gain access to abstraction, consisting of a simple and efficient JDBC framework that significantly enhances performance and reduces the probability of errors. Spring’s data gain access to architecture also integrates with TopLink, Hibernate, JDO and other O/R mapping solutions.
Spring also provides a unique transaction management abstraction, which enables a consistent programming model over a variety of underlying transaction technologies, such as JTA or JDBC.
Spring provides an AOP framework written in standard Java, which provides declarative transaction management and other enterprise services to be put on POJOs or – if you wish – the capability to implement your very own custom elements. This framework is effective enough to enable many applications to dispense with the intricacy of EJB, while delighting in vital services traditionally connected with EJB.
Spring also supplies a powerful and versatile MVC web framework that is incorporated into the overall IoC container.
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