Introduction to Persistence, ORM & Hibernate Framework

Persistent data can be seen anywhere in an application. Handling relentless data is among the few difficulties that contemporary technologies/products are facing. A solution called Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) has actually gotten significant appeal over the previous few years. ORM is a piece of software/product for the representation and conversion of data in between the database and the object-oriented programs language. Hibernate is one such ORM solution and it is an open-source job.

Though Hibernate Framework is not the only persistence option, it has actually become very popular over the recent past since of its big range of functions when compared with its rivals. It takes much of the database related boiler-plate code from the developers, therefore asking the designers to concentrate on the core business logic of the application and not with the error-prone SQL syntax.

Persistence

The definition of persistence can be offered like this, “Data that can be saved to some long-term medium and can be seen at any point of time even after the application that created the data has actually ended”. Persisting (or preserving) data is not an easy task and it is among the standard requirements for nearly any application. The usual storage mediums that we see in our daily life are hard-disk and a database.
Data sources are the most favored storage medium for persisting data because of the relatively basic means for data-access using the Structured Query Language (SQL). Data within a database can be watched in a table format, where each row in the table represents a single record of data.

Object-Relational Mapping

As discussed in the initial part, ORM software considerably simplifies the improvement of business data in between an application and a relational-database. ORM can be considereded a bridge in between an application and the relational-database that it is depending upon.
The following picture clearly depicts that:

ORM

ORM serving as a bridge between the application and the database As one infer from the above photo, application depends upon the ORM for all the database-related services like continuing service (for saving the data), question service (for recovering existing data from the database) and the ORM takes care of interacting with the appropriate database.

Some of the most popular ORM project/products are iBatis Data Access Objects from Apache, NDO (. INTERNET Data Objects) for.NET languages, TopLink from Oracle and PowerDesigner.

Hibernate

Hibernate is an Object-relational mapping (ORM) tool. Object-relational mapping or ORM is a programs method for mapping the objects to the relational model where entities/classes are mapped to tables, circumstances are mapped to rows and attributes of circumstances are mapped to columns of table.

A “virtual object database” is created that can be utilized from within the programming language.

Hibernate is a persistence framework which is used to continue data from Java environment to database. Persistence is a process of saving the data to some irreversible medium and retrieving it back at any point of time even after the application that had developed the data ended.

Need for tools like Hibernate

The main advantage of ORM like hibernate is that it shields developers from messy SQL. Apart from this, ORM provides following benefits:

Improved productivity:
Less Java code to write, No SQL to write.

Improved performance:
Sophisticated caching, Lazy loading, Eager loading

Improved maintainability:
A lot less code to write

Improved portability:
ORM framework generates database-specific SQL for you

hibernate-architecture

Core classes

Session Interface

This is the primary user interface made use of by hibernate applications. The circumstances of this user interface are lightweight and are low-cost to create and ruin. Hibernate sessions are not thread safe. It allows you to produce question challenge retrieve persistent objects. It covers JDBC connection Factory for Transaction. It holds a mandatory (first-level) cache of persistent things, used when browsing the object graph or searching for objects by identifier.

Session Factory Interface

This is the main interface utilized by hibernate applications. The instances of this interface are light-weight and are economical to create and ruin. Hibernate sessions are not thread safe. It enables you to develop question objects to retrieve persistent items. It wraps JDBC connection Factory for Transaction. It holds a compulsory (first-level) cache of persistent objects, used when browsing the object graph or searching for things by identifier.

Configuration Interface

This is utilized to set up hibernate. It’s also utilized to bootstrap hibernate. Mapping files of hibernate are found utilizing this user interface.

Transaction Interface

This is an optional interface however the above 3 interfaces are mandatory in each and every application. This interface abstracts the code from any type of deal implementations such as JDBC transaction, JTA deal.

Query and Criteria Interface

This user interface allows the user to perform questions as well as control the flow of the question execution.

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